Domain Model Lending

The lending model starts when a lead becomes an application and ends only after the loan, collateral, charges, regulatory reports and post-closure document release are complete. It deliberately separates origination records from live account records. The LOS can propose terms; the LMS owns booked terms, dues, receipts, DPD, SMA/NPA and closure.

Types use PostgreSQL conventions. Money is numeric(18,2), rates are annual decimal percentages in numeric(9,6), dates that affect interest or DPD are date, and operational timestamps are timestamptz. Every table has standard audit fields: created_at, created_by, updated_at, updated_by, version, and an immutable audit_event_id for material changes. They are omitted below.

Origination Entities

application

Field	Type	Constraints	Nullable	References
application_id	uuid	Primary key	No	None
application_number	text	Unique human-readable id	No	None
lead_id	uuid	Required when originated from CRM	Yes	lead.lead_id
product_code	text	Active product master	No	product.product_code
product_variant_code	text	Variant or program	Yes	product_variant.code
channel_type	enum	branch, dsa, connector, digital_direct, lsp, anchor, co_lending, renewal, top_up	No	None
source_partner_id	uuid	Required for DSA/LSP/anchor/co-lending channel	Yes	party.party_id
primary_applicant_party_id	uuid	Must have application role primary_applicant	No	party.party_id
requested_amount	numeric(18,2)	Greater than 0	No	None
requested_tenor_months	int	Greater than 0	Yes	None
requested_purpose	enum	working_capital, business_expansion, machinery, invoice_finance, lap, debt_consolidation, top_up, other_business	No	None
application_state	enum	See state machines	No	None
state_effective_at	timestamptz	Required	No	None
assigned_branch_code	text	Required for branchable products	Yes	branch.branch_code
assigned_rm_id	uuid	Sales owner	Yes	user.user_id
co_lending_flag	boolean	Default false	No	None
digital_lending_flag	boolean	Default false; true for DLA/LSP digital journey	No	None
withdrawal_reason_code	text	Required when withdrawn	Yes	reason_code.code
reject_reason_code	text	Required when rejected	Yes	reason_code.code

credit_assessment

Field	Type	Constraints	Nullable	References
credit_assessment_id	uuid	Primary key	No	None
application_id	uuid	One active assessment per application version	No	application.application_id
assessment_version	int	Starts at 1; increments on material refresh	No	None
financial_method	enum	audited_financials, itr, gst_surrogate, banking_surrogate, cash_flow, anchor_data, scorecard_only, manual_hybrid	No	None
annual_turnover_assessed	numeric(18,2)	Non-negative	Yes	None
monthly_income_assessed	numeric(18,2)	Non-negative	Yes	None
foir_percent	numeric(9,6)	0-100	Yes	None
dscr	numeric(9,4)	Greater than 0 when computed	Yes	None
abb_6m	numeric(18,2)	Average bank balance	Yes	None
bureau_score	int	Bureau range or null for no-hit	Yes	None
commercial_rank	text	CMR or equivalent	Yes	None
internal_risk_grade	text	Grade master	No	risk_grade.code
recommended_amount	numeric(18,2)	Greater than or equal to 0	No	None
recommended_tenor_months	int	Greater than 0 when approved/recommended	Yes	None
recommended_rate	numeric(9,6)	Annual reducing rate	Yes	None
recommendation	enum	approve, approve_with_conditions, reject, refer, defer	No	None
cam_document_id	uuid	Frozen CAM	Yes	document_instance.document_id

bre_result

Field	Type	Constraints	Nullable	References
bre_result_id	uuid	Primary key	No	None
application_id	uuid	Application evaluated	No	application.application_id
rule_set_id	uuid	Rule set	No	rule_set.rule_set_id
rule_version_id	uuid	Immutable version	No	rule_version.rule_version_id
execution_type	enum	prescreen, eligibility, pricing, deviation, renewal, monitoring	No	None
decision	enum	pass, fail, refer, manual_review, error	No	None
max_eligible_amount	numeric(18,2)	Non-negative	Yes	None
max_tenor_months	int	Positive	Yes	None
price_floor_rate	numeric(9,6)	Annual rate	Yes	None
result_json	jsonb	Full rule tree	No	None
executed_at	timestamptz	Required	No	None

deviation

Field	Type	Constraints	Nullable	References
deviation_id	uuid	Primary key	No	None
application_id	uuid	Application context	No	application.application_id
deviation_type	enum	policy, pricing, documentation, kyc, collateral, financial, bureau, geography, exposure, process, regulatory	No	None
rule_code	text	Rule breached	No	policy_rule.code
severity	enum	low, medium, high, critical	No	None
description	text	Specific breach	No	None
mitigant	text	Required before approval	Yes	None
status	enum	raised, approved, rejected, withdrawn, expired	No	None
required_authority_level	text	Resolved DoA level	No	authority_level.code
approved_by	uuid	Required when approved	Yes	user.user_id
approved_at	timestamptz	Required when approved/rejected	Yes	None

Sanction And Conditions

sanction

Field	Type	Constraints	Nullable	References
sanction_id	uuid	Primary key	No	None
application_id	uuid	One or more versions per application	No	application.application_id
sanction_number	text	Unique	No	None
sanction_version	int	Starts at 1	No	None
sanction_status	enum	draft, pending_approval, approved, approved_with_modification, rejected, deferred, expired, accepted, cancelled	No	None
sanctioned_amount	numeric(18,2)	Greater than 0 when approved	Yes	None
tenor_months	int	Positive when approved	Yes	None
interest_rate_type	enum	fixed, floating, hybrid, discount, cash_credit	No	None
annual_interest_rate	numeric(9,6)	Annual reducing or equivalent	Yes	None
apr_percent	numeric(9,6)	Required for KFS-covered loans; computed, not manually typed	Yes	None
repayment_frequency	enum	daily, weekly, fortnightly, monthly, quarterly, bullet, on_demand, revolving	No	None
emi_amount	numeric(18,2)	Required for EMI products	Yes	None
valid_until	date	Must be after approval date	Yes	None
approval_authority_id	uuid	Resolved authority	Yes	approval_authority.authority_id
kfs_version_id	uuid	Required for covered retail/MSME term loans under RBI KFS circular	Yes	kfs_version.kfs_version_id
borrower_acceptance_at	timestamptz	Required when accepted	Yes	None

sanction_condition

Field	Type	Constraints	Nullable	References
condition_id	uuid	Primary key	No	None
sanction_id	uuid	Parent sanction	No	sanction.sanction_id
condition_type	enum	condition_precedent, condition_subsequent, covenant, monitoring_requirement, disbursement_condition, documentation_condition	No	None
condition_code	text	Controlled library where possible	No	condition_master.code
condition_text	text	Borrower/ops-readable text	No	None
owner_role	text	Role responsible for closure	No	role.role_code
due_date	date	Required for CS/covenant/monitoring condition	Yes	None
blocks_disbursement	boolean	True for CPs	No	None
status	enum	open, submitted, verified, waiver_requested, waived, breached, closed	No	None
closure_evidence_document_id	uuid	Required for verified closure where evidence exists	Yes	document_instance.document_id
waiver_deviation_id	uuid	Required when waived	Yes	deviation.deviation_id

Booking And Loan Account

loan_account

Field	Type	Constraints	Nullable	References
loan_account_id	uuid	Primary key	No	None
loan_account_number	text	Unique customer-facing account number	No	None
application_id	uuid	Originating application	No	application.application_id
sanction_id	uuid	Accepted sanction	No	sanction.sanction_id
borrower_party_id	uuid	Legal borrower	No	party.party_id
product_code	text	Product booked	No	product.product_code
booking_date	date	LMS booking date	No	None
first_disbursement_date	date	Required after first disbursement	Yes	None
maturity_date	date	Required for term loans	Yes	None
account_state	enum	See state machines	No	None
principal_sanctioned	numeric(18,2)	Greater than 0	No	None
principal_disbursed	numeric(18,2)	0 to sanctioned amount	No	None
principal_outstanding	numeric(18,2)	Non-negative	No	None
interest_rate_type	enum	fixed, floating, hybrid, discount, cash_credit	No	None
current_annual_rate	numeric(9,6)	Required for interest-bearing facilities	Yes	None
repayment_frequency	enum	daily, weekly, fortnightly, monthly, quarterly, bullet, on_demand, revolving	No	None
current_dpd	int	Computed; non-negative	No	None
asset_classification	enum	standard, sma_0, sma_1, sma_2, npa_substandard, npa_doubtful_1, npa_doubtful_2, npa_doubtful_3, loss	No	None
classification_effective_date	date	Required	No	None
co_lending_account_flag	boolean	Default false	No	None
closure_date	date	Required when closed/preclosed/written off closure	Yes	None

facility

Field	Type	Constraints	Nullable	References
facility_id	uuid	Primary key	No	None
loan_account_id	uuid	Parent account	No	loan_account.loan_account_id
facility_type	enum	term_loan, cash_credit, overdraft, invoice_discounting, dealer_finance, guarantee, letter_of_credit, machinery_loan, lap	No	None
limit_amount	numeric(18,2)	Greater than 0	No	None
drawing_power_amount	numeric(18,2)	Required for CC/OD and receivable-backed products	Yes	None
limit_expiry_date	date	Required for revolving/working-capital limits	Yes	None
review_due_date	date	Required for working-capital renewal	Yes	None
available_amount	numeric(18,2)	Non-negative	Yes	None
facility_state	enum	approved, available, frozen, expired, recalled, closed	No	None

disbursement

Field	Type	Constraints	Nullable	References
disbursement_id	uuid	Primary key	No	None
loan_account_id	uuid	Target account	No	loan_account.loan_account_id
tranche_number	int	Starts at 1	No	None
disbursement_amount	numeric(18,2)	Greater than 0	No	None
beneficiary_type	enum	borrower, supplier, dealer, invoice_seller, escrow, statutory_authority	No	None
beneficiary_party_id	uuid	Required for non-borrower beneficiary	Yes	party.party_id
beneficiary_bank_account_id	uuid	Verified bank account	No	bank_account.bank_account_id
disbursement_date	date	Value date	No	None
payment_reference	text	Bank/UPI/NEFT/RTGS reference	Yes	None
status	enum	initiated, posted, failed, reversed, cancelled	No	None
failure_reason_code	text	Required when failed	Yes	reason_code.code

Schedule, Due And Transaction

schedule_version

Field	Type	Constraints	Nullable	References
schedule_version_id	uuid	Primary key	No	None
loan_account_id	uuid	Parent loan	No	loan_account.loan_account_id
version_number	int	Starts at 1	No	None
schedule_type	enum	original, rate_reset, part_prepayment, moratorium, restructure, correction, settlement	No	None
effective_from	date	Required	No	None
effective_to	date	Null for active schedule	Yes	None
generated_by_event_id	uuid	Event that created version	No	audit_event.audit_event_id
status	enum	draft, active, superseded, cancelled	No	None

repayment_due

Field	Type	Constraints	Nullable	References
due_id	uuid	Primary key	No	None
schedule_version_id	uuid	Schedule	No	schedule_version.schedule_version_id
loan_account_id	uuid	Parent loan	No	loan_account.loan_account_id
installment_number	int	Positive for installment products	Yes	None
due_date	date	Contractual due date	No	None
principal_due	numeric(18,2)	Non-negative	No	None
interest_due	numeric(18,2)	Non-negative	No	None
charge_due	numeric(18,2)	Non-negative	No	None
tax_due	numeric(18,2)	Non-negative	No	None
total_due	numeric(18,2)	Sum of components	No	None
amount_paid	numeric(18,2)	Non-negative and not above total unless overpayment allocated	No	None
due_status	enum	future, presented, part_paid, paid, overdue, waived, reversed	No	None
paid_date	date	Required when paid	Yes	None

loan_transaction

Field	Type	Constraints	Nullable	References
loan_transaction_id	uuid	Primary key	No	None
loan_account_id	uuid	Parent loan	No	loan_account.loan_account_id
transaction_type	enum	disbursement, demand, receipt, bounce, charge, tax, waiver, refund, reversal, interest_accrual, interest_reversal, write_off, recovery_after_writeoff, foreclosure	No	None
value_date	date	Accounting value date	No	None
posting_timestamp	timestamptz	System posting time	No	None
amount	numeric(18,2)	Positive; sign comes from type and accounting rule	No	None
principal_component	numeric(18,2)	Non-negative	No	None
interest_component	numeric(18,2)	Non-negative	No	None
charge_component	numeric(18,2)	Non-negative	No	None
tax_component	numeric(18,2)	Non-negative	No	None
payment_mode	enum	nach, enach, upi, neft, rtgs, cash, cheque, payment_gateway, escrow, adjustment, not_applicable	No	None
external_reference	text	Bank/payment reference where present	Yes	None
reversal_of_transaction_id	uuid	Required for reversal	Yes	loan_transaction.loan_transaction_id
status	enum	pending, posted, reversed, failed, cancelled	No	None

appropriation_allocation

Field	Type	Constraints	Nullable	References
allocation_id	uuid	Primary key	No	None
receipt_transaction_id	uuid	Receipt being allocated	No	loan_transaction.loan_transaction_id
due_id	uuid	Due being cleared	Yes	repayment_due.due_id
component	enum	principal, interest, charge, tax, legal_cost, excess	No	None
amount_allocated	numeric(18,2)	Greater than 0	No	None
allocation_order	int	Shows appropriation sequence	No	None
rule_version_id	uuid	Appropriation rule used	No	rule_version.rule_version_id

Collateral And Charge

collateral_asset

Field	Type	Constraints	Nullable	References
collateral_id	uuid	Primary key	No	None
application_id	uuid	Original application	Yes	application.application_id
loan_account_id	uuid	Linked after booking	Yes	loan_account.loan_account_id
collateral_type	enum	residential_property, commercial_property, industrial_property, land, machinery, vehicle_equipment, stock, book_debt, invoice, fixed_deposit, guarantee, other_movable	No	None
description	text	Specific asset description	No	None
address_id	uuid	Required for immovable property and asset location	Yes	address.address_id
asset_identifier	text	Survey no, serial no, invoice no, policy no	Yes	None
declared_value	numeric(18,2)	Non-negative	Yes	None
eligible_value	numeric(18,2)	Lower of policy/valuation values	Yes	None
latest_valuation_id	uuid	Required when valued	Yes	valuation_report.valuation_id
insurance_policy_id	uuid	Required where insurance is condition	Yes	insurance_policy.insurance_policy_id
collateral_status	enum	proposed, documents_pending, under_legal_review, under_valuation, approved, approved_with_conditions, rejected, charged, released	No	None

valuation_report

Field	Type	Constraints	Nullable	References
valuation_id	uuid	Primary key	No	None
collateral_id	uuid	Valued asset	No	collateral_asset.collateral_id
valuer_party_id	uuid	Empanelled valuer	No	party.party_id
inspection_date	date	Required	No	None
market_value	numeric(18,2)	Non-negative	No	None
realizable_value	numeric(18,2)	Non-negative	Yes	None
distress_sale_value	numeric(18,2)	Non-negative	Yes	None
valuation_method	enum	market_comparable, cost, income, circle_rate, invoice_cost, engineer_estimate, hybrid	No	None
report_document_id	uuid	Report file	No	document_instance.document_id
status	enum	draft, submitted, accepted, rework, rejected, expired	No	None

security_charge

Field	Type	Constraints	Nullable	References
security_charge_id	uuid	Primary key	No	None
loan_account_id	uuid	Secured loan account	No	loan_account.loan_account_id
collateral_id	uuid	Charged asset	No	collateral_asset.collateral_id
charge_type	enum	hypothecation, equitable_mortgage, registered_mortgage, pledge, assignment, lien, guarantee, negative_lien	No	None
charge_rank	enum	exclusive_first, pari_passu_first, second, subservient, unsecured_support	No	None
charge_amount	numeric(18,2)	Greater than 0	No	None
created_date	date	Date of security creation	No	None
perfection_status	enum	pending, created, cersai_pending, roc_pending, perfected, exception_approved, satisfied, released	No	None
cersai_filing_id	uuid	Required where CERSAI filing applies	Yes	cersai_filing.cersai_filing_id
roc_charge_filing_id	uuid	Required for company borrower charge where Companies Act filing applies	Yes	roc_charge_filing.roc_charge_filing_id
release_date	date	Required when released/satisfied	Yes	None

mandate

Field	Type	Constraints	Nullable	References
mandate_id	uuid	Primary key	No	None
loan_account_id	uuid	Parent loan	No	loan_account.loan_account_id
party_id	uuid	Bank account owner	No	party.party_id
bank_account_id	uuid	Debit account	No	bank_account.bank_account_id
mandate_type	enum	physical_nach, enach, upi_autopay, standing_instruction, post_dated_cheque	No	None
umrn	text	Required for registered NACH/eNACH	Yes	None
max_amount	numeric(18,2)	Greater than or equal to EMI or policy amount	No	None
frequency	enum	daily, weekly, fortnightly, monthly, quarterly, ad_hoc	No	None
start_date	date	Required	No	None
end_date	date	After start date	No	None
mandate_status	enum	created, submitted, accepted, active, rejected, suspended, cancelled, expired	No	None
rejection_reason_code	text	Required when rejected	Yes	reason_code.code

Co-Lending Extension

Entity	Required fields	Build rule
co_lending_arrangement	cla_id, originating_re_party_id, partner_re_party_id, product_scope, originator_share_percent, partner_share_percent, effective_date, escrow_bank_account_id, customer_interface_party_id, status	Each RE share must be at least 10 percent under RBI CLA Directions, 2025.
partner_share	partner_share_id, loan_account_id, cla_id, re_party_id, share_percent, principal_share, interest_rate, booked_at, status	Share must be booked without delay and no later than 15 calendar days from originator disbursement under RBI CLA Directions, 2025.
escrow_movement	movement_id, loan_account_id, escrow_account_id, movement_type, amount, value_date, originating_re_amount, partner_re_amount, reconciliation_status	All CLA disbursement and repayment movements must route through bank escrow.
dlg_set	dlg_set_id, provider_party_id, beneficiary_re_party_id, portfolio_identifier, upfront_portfolio_amount, cap_amount, form, valid_from, valid_to, status	Cap must not exceed 5 percent of the fixed DLG loan portfolio under RBI Digital Lending Directions.

Sources

• RBI, Key Facts Statement (KFS) for Loans & Advances, April 15, 2024
• RBI, Reserve Bank of India (Digital Lending) Directions, 2025
• RBI, Reserve Bank of India (Co-Lending Arrangements) Directions, 2025
• RBI, Prudential norms on IRACP - Clarifications, November 12, 2021